Ivory Coast and Ghana will meet major chocolate makers and grinders in Abidjan on Wednesday to plan how to regulate the industry’s efforts to source cocoa sustainably and multiple trade.

The plan comes after years of attempts by industry to self-monitor their sustainable sourcing practices and wipe out the blight of child labor and deforestation from the cocoa sector in West Africa.

Industry fears the new move might represent a major and costly overhaul of the certification schemes they use to boost their brands in highly competitive markets where both consumers and investors are growing increasingly eco-conscious.

Côte d'Ivoire and Ghana, who together produce two-thirds of the world’s cocoa, have already imposed a fixed “living income differential” of $400 a tonne in July on all cocoa sales for the 2020/21 season in a bid to tackle pervasive farmer poverty and deforestation.

The two west African neighbors are pressing ahead with a further overhaul, sources say, setting their sights on the certification schemes used by major chocolate makers and grinders like Mars, Mondelez, Barry Callebaut and Nestle.

“We are going to discuss sustainability. Everything is not good. There are things to review, for example, standards for certification. It must change.” said a source at Ivory Coast’s Coffee and Cocoa Council (CCC), its cocoa regulator.

Fiifi Boafo, spokeman for Ghana’s cocoa regulator Cocobod, said the meeting with industry was aiming to “come out with improved strategies to work toward sustainable cocoa production”.

The cocoa industry fears moves to regulate certification schemes could, alongside the “living income differential”, substantially increase their costs if, for example, Côte d'Ivoire and Ghana impose a license on them for running the schemes.

“Traders don’t want to commit (to paying the living income differential) until the changes to certification schemes are clear. They want to know if there are additional costs.” said another industry source.

Even a move to standardize the schemes is a concern for industry, who often use self-certification schemes over third party ones like Fairtrade.