Zanzibar deploys AI drones in malaria elimination push

Zanzibar has launched a six-month pilot project using artificial intelligence-powered drones to help identify and treat mosquito breeding sites as part of its goal to eliminate malaria by 2029.

The drones use aerial mapping and AI technology to detect high-risk breeding areas and apply larvicide, enabling health teams to target locations that are often difficult to access.

Health officials say the initiative will complement existing malaria control measures that have helped significantly reduce infections over the past two decades.

According to the Zanzibar Malaria Elimination Programme, widespread interventions such as indoor residual spraying have helped bring malaria prevalence down from levels that once exceeded 40%.

Experts say the technology could help address emerging challenges, including changes in mosquito behaviour, as some species have been observed to bite earlier in the evening and outdoors.

The project is being implemented with support from health and research partners, including the World Health Organization (WHO), and could provide a model for wider use across Africa if successful.

Despite progress, imported malaria cases remain a key challenge for Zanzibar, while Africa continues to bear the largest share of the global malaria burden.